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- ---
title: "How to Video Chat"
author: Greg
layout: post
permalink: /2020/03/how-to-video-chat/
date: 2020-03-14 12:00:00 -0400
comments: True
licence: Creative Commons
categories:
  - tech
tags:
  - tech
  - guide
  - video chat
  - tutorial
- ---

We can be socially close while being physically distant. Here are my tips for having genuine video chats.

## Framing

No one wants to look up your nose,

<p align="center">
  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/laptop ground level.jpg" alt="Wrong angle webcam" title="Looking up your nose">

  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/greg ground level.jpg" alt="Wrong angle webcam" title="Looking up your nose">

  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/wizard of oz ground level.png" alt="Wizard of oz big green face" title="Wizard of oz big green face">
</p>

elevate your camera to eye level,

<p align="center">
  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/laptop eye level.jpg" alt="Wrong angle webcam" title="Looking up your nose">

  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/greg eye level.jpg" alt="Wrong angle webcam" title="Looking up your nose">

  <img width="30%" height="30%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/wizard of oz eye level.png" alt="Wizard of oz nice face" title="Wizard of oz nice face">
</p>

and you're good looking, frame yourself to take up the whole screen.

<p align="center">
  <img width="75%" height="75%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/greg framing.jpg" alt="Right angle webcam" title="Looking straight on">
</p>

## Inter frame Compression

Video chat programs like Skype, Google Hangouts, & Zoom utilize [inter frame compression](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inter_frame). With inter frame compression, only the pixels that change are transmitted. The easiest way to take advantage of this is to keep your camera steady. If you're using a laptop or phone, put it on a table. Even the vibrations from typing on a laptop will move the screen and render inter frame compression useless.

<p align="center">
  <img width="75%" height="75%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/laptop on lap.jpg" alt="Don't use your laptop on your laptop when video chatting" title="Don't use your laptop on your laptop when video chatting">
</p>

## Lighting

Webcams become grainy in low light. Use scattered lighting like a window, or buy a cheap USB ring light to brighten your face. And don't be a shadow puppet. Make sure your background is less well lit than your face.

<p align="center">
  <img width="45%" height="45%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/shadow jazz.jpg" alt="Backlit image of a Cat" title="Shadow Cat">

  <img width="45%" height="45%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/light jazz.jpg" alt="Well it image of a Cat" title="light jazz">
</p>

## Sound

Wear earbuds or headphones. Video chat programs will noise cancel to prevent mic feedback. This is less of a problem when the chat is one on one. However, if you are chatting with more than one person, your feedback may actually cancel the audio from another user.

## Eye Contact

My eyes are up here... When looking at a person's face during a video call it appears to them as though you are looking at their chest. 

<p align="center">
  <img width="75%" height="75%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/not your screen.jpg" alt="Look at me, not your screen" title="Look at me, not your screen">
</p>

Look directly at your webcam if you want the other person to feel connected through eye contact. Or move the window so that the person's face appears close to your webcam to make it closer to eye contact.

<p align="center">
  <img width="100%" height="100%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/small window.png" alt="Chat windows close to webcam" title="Chat windows close to webcam">
</p>

## Network

Your advertised internet speed isn't your actual internet speed. Do a [speed test](https://speedtest.net) where you'll be using your device. Time of day may also affect your internet speed if you have a cable or DSL connection. In front of my router my laptop gets 300mbps up and 300mbps down with a 2ms ping. However on the other side of my house it is much slower with increased latency.

<p align="center">
  <img width="75%" height="75%" src="/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/slow internet.jpg" alt="slow internet" title="slow internet">
</p>

For good video quality you need at least a solid 15mbps up and down. Most video apps recommend 7mbps but that doesn't account for background apps updating or other traffic on your network saturating your connection. Remember, the image you see of yourself isn't what the person you're speaking to sees.

For smooth conversation you will also need a ping of less than 150ms. The typical gap in turn-taking conversation is just 200 milliseconds[⋆](https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/01/the-incredible-thing-we-do-during-conversations/422439/). With a ping over 150ms you'll get start stop sentences. It's ok to have increased latency, as long as everyone knows that they have to wait longer before speaking.

Keep in mind that the bottleneck is whoever has the slowest connection.
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